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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
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Results for transit crime
33 results foundAuthor: Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Transport Committee Title: Personal Passenger Safety in Railway Stations: Oral and Written Evidence: Oral Evidence Taken on Wednesday 19 April 2006 Summary: This report examines the U.K. Ten Year Plan for Transport, which called for a safer and more secure tranport system accessible to all. The report found that good progress has been achieved. This is reflected in the results of the Autumn 2005 National Passenger Survey which showed that 59% of passengers nationally rated personal security at stations as satisfactory or good. Details: London: Stationery Office, 2006. 126p. Source: Year: 2006 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 116678 Keywords: TranportationTransit CrimeTransit Security |
Author: Staes, Lisa Title: Identification of Cost-Effective Methods to Improve Security at Transit Operating/Maintenance Facilities and Passenger Stations Summary: Prior to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States' transit systems did a fairly successful job of safely and securely protecting their facilities and passengers. Until that time, public transit security issues generally dealt only with unruly passengers, fare evasion, vandalism, trespassing, and theft. With the events of 9/11, the public transit bombing attacks in Madrid, and biological attacks in Japan, the U.S. has become more focused on the issue of terrorism and is hardening the security of our public transit systems against terrorist activities. Most U.S. transit systems are increasing their security measures at both their operating/maintenance facilities and passenger stations, but with limited funding. This research report investigates several agencies that have innovatively and creatively implemented cost-effective methods of increasing security at their systems. In addition, this report provides a historic summary of the consequences of terrorism on public transportation systems and a literature review of existing resources. Details: Jupiter, FL: Florida Atlantic University/University Consortium for Intermodal Transportation Safety and Security, 2006. 92p. Source: Sponsoring Agency: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration Year: 2006 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 113950 Keywords: (Security )SafetyTarget HardeningTerrorism (Public Transportation)TransitTransit CrimeTransit Systems |
Author: Great Britain. Rail Safety and Standards Board Title: Managing Alcohol Risks to Personal Security on the Railway: A Good Practice Guide Summary: This good practice guide focuses on techniques that the rail industry could deploy to manage the risk represented by the contribution of alcohol to passenger and staff safety and personal. Details: London: RSSB, 2010. 70p. Source: Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 118375 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (U.K.)Passenger SafetyTransit CrimeTransit Safety |
Author: Stafford Pettersson Neath Title: Managing the Risks to Safety and Personal Security from Alcohol: Supporting Documentation Summary: This aim of this research is to understand how alcohol contributes to safety and security risks, and to develop tactical and strategic solutions that the U.K. railway, working with other key stakeholders, can implement to address these risks and change attitudes and perceptions. These two reports consist of a literature review on the topic as well as a qualitative report presenting the findings of interviews with frontline staff, local managers and representations of organizations with a strategic or national view of the issues, and the focus groups with members of the public. Details: London: Rail Standards and Safety Board, 2009. 73p.; 68p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2009 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 119204 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, DisorderRailway CrimeTransit CrimeTransit Safety |
Author: International Association of Public Transport Title: Fare Evasion in Light Rail Systems Summary: With the increasing cost pressure in public transport systems, productivity gains must be accompanied by efficient measures to combat fare evasions. This report summarizes the results of a survey conducted in 18 cities, as well as discussions held during meetings of a smaller group of operators exchanging views and experiences, and during face-to-face inerviews on the topic of fare evasion, and offers suggestions for the most efficient strategies for combating the problem. Details: Brussels: International Association of Public Transport, 2006. 20p. Source: Year: 2006 Country: Europe URL: Shelf Number: 119169 Keywords: Fare EvasionPublic TransportationTransit Crime |
Author: Countermeasures Assessment and Security Experts Title: Public Transportation Passenger Security Inspections: A Guide for Policy Decision Makers Summary: Worldwide terrorist activities create many security-related concerns for government leaders, security agencies, and transit agency managers. In response to these concerns, many transit agencies are assessing and introducing activities to reduce the risk of attacks on their systems. Most public transportation agencies have instituted security measures and continue to re-assess their situation as new threats are identified. One measure receiving more consideration is the introduction of passenger security inspections. However, there are many policy and logistical issues associated with implementing these inspections. Public transportation agencies could benefit from assistance in defining their options for conducting passenger security inspections. Apart from determining whether security inspections are feasible for one's agency, there is also a need to determine appropriate methodologies for implementing such measures. The objective of this guide is to provide guidance that a public transportation agency may use when considering whether, where, when, and how to introduce a passenger security inspection program into its operations. Details: Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, 2007. 180p. Source: Internet Resource; TCRP Report 86; Public Transportation Security, Volume 13 Year: 2007 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 119336 Keywords: Passenger ScreeningTerrorismTransit CrimeTransportation Security |
Author: Kennedy, D.M. Title: Personal Security in Public Transport Travel in New Zealand: Problems, Issues & Sollutions Summary: research project explores concerns about personal security by users of public transport. The findings from an international literature review are used, and the concerns of public transport users in three New Zealand cities (Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch) that have significant public transport patronage streams are explored. Personal security concerns were found to discourage existing patrons from using public transport, and more so after dark. A number of security measures preferred by patrons are outlined. However, the project also found that only a small proportion of patrons actually noticed the presence of security measures that had been installed. Details: Wellington, NZ: Land Transport New Zealand, 2008. 112p.; 76p. Source: Internet Resource; Land Transport New Zealand Research Report 344 Year: 2008 Country: Australia URL: Shelf Number: 119343 Keywords: Transit CrimeTransit SafetyTransportation |
Author: Desai, Philly Title: Passengers' Perceptions of Personal Security on Public Transport - Qualitative Research Report Summary: This report presents "a qualitative analysis of passenger perceptions of measures introduced to enhance personal security while travelling on public transport in the U.K., including their awareness of the measures and of any accompanying publicity, and factors which enhance or inhibit the success of these measures. Details: London: Department of Transport, 2009. 126p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2009 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 119378 Keywords: Passenger SafetyTransit Crime |
Author: Jenkins, Brian Michael Title: Terrorist Attacks on Public Bus Transportation: A Preliminary Empirical Analysis Summary: "This report provides data on terrorist attacks against public bus transportation targets and serious crimes committed against such targets throughout the world. The data are drawn from the MTI database of attacks on public surface transportation, which is expanded and updated as information becomes available. This analysis is based on the database as of December 17, 2009. Data include the frequency and lethality with which buses, bus stations, and bus stops are attacked; the relationship between fatalities and attacks against bus targets and the relationship between injuries and attacks against those targets; how often, relative to other surface transportation targets, buses are attacked, first with all weapons and then with only explosive and incendiary devices; the relative lethality of attacks; and the distribution of attacks. It then presents some preliminary observations drawn from those data that can help stakeholders—governments, transit managers, and employees—to focus on the ways the most frequent and/or most lethal attacks are carried out as they consider measures to prevent or mitigate attacks that may be considered likely to happen in the United States." Details: San Jose, CA: Mineta Transportation Institute, San Jose State University, 2010. 110p. Source: Internet Resource; MTI Report SP 09-01 Year: 2010 Country: International URL: Shelf Number: 119381 Keywords: Public TransportationTerrorismTerrorist AttacksTransit CrimeTransit Safety |
Author: Nakanishi, Yuko, Consultant Title: Transit Security Update: A Synthesis of Transit Practice Summary: This report, an update of the original TCRP Synthesis of Transit Practice 21: Improving Transit Security (1997), addresses terrorism, which was not included in the original study along with ordinary crime. Counterterrorism and anticrime security measures and practices, crime and security incident trends, and other related issues are covered in this report. Major issues and obstacles to security and policing management, as well as further research needs, have been identified and presented. The key elements of this Synthesis study include a survey of 120 transit agencies, with a 38% response rate, case studies, and a literature review along with input from industry experts and National Transit Database (NTD) analysis. Since the publication of the last report in 1997, significant improvements have been made to mitigate ordinary crime, and significant progress has been made to secure transit systems from terrorism. After September 11, 2001 (9/11), securing public transportation systems against the terrorist threat became an important and complex issue for U.S. transit operators and continues to be a prime concern of both domestic and international transit operators. For many decades, transit systems outside of the United States have been a target of terrorist activity, which has resulted in significant losses of life, injuries, infrastructure damage, disruptions to transit service, and economic losses to the affected regions. Synthesis survey results revealed that the terrorist threats of primary concern to multimodal, rail-only, and ferry systems were explosives, chemical and biological threats, hijackings and shootings, and sabotage. The terrorist threats of primary concern to bus agencies were hijackings, shootings, explosives, and sabotage. Transit agencies are well aware of many other possible terrorist threats, such as radiological attacks, cyber crime, and transit vehicles used as weapons, but these threats are considered to be of secondary importance. Details: Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, 2009. 142p. Source: Internet Resource; TCRP Synthesis 80 Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 119465 Keywords: Public TransportationTerrorismTransit CrimeTransit SafetyTransit Security |
Author: Victoria. Auditor General Title: Personal Safety and Security on the Metropolitan Train System Summary: The audit examined how successful Victoria Police (VicPol) and the Department of Transport (the department) had been from mid-2005 in reducing crime on Melbourne’s train system and making passengers feel safe when travelling. During 2008–09 there were more than 7 000 criminal offences reported on Melbourne’s train system and this equates to 33 offences per million passenger boardings. These offences happened on trains, at stations and station car parks. These account for about 75 per cent of all recorded offences on public transport in Victoria. Perceptions of safety are important because they influence how people behave, and they do not solely depend on levels of crime. For these reasons it is important that crime and perceptions of safety are managed as two connected but separate objectives. VicPol and the department have been successful in reducing crime on Melbourne’s train system since 2007–08. In contrast, the approach to improve passengers’ perceptions of safety has not been effective and requires focussed attention. Details: Melbourne: Victorian Auditor-General, 2010. 42p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 7, 2010 at: http://download.audit.vic.gov.au/files/20100609_Rail_Safety_Full_Report.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Australia URL: http://download.audit.vic.gov.au/files/20100609_Rail_Safety_Full_Report.pdf Shelf Number: 119756 Keywords: Transit CrimeTransit SecurityTransportation Security |
Author: Goldgof, Smitry B. Title: Evaluation of Smart Video for Transit Event Detection Summary: Transit agencies are increasingly using video cameras to fight crime and terrorism. As the volume of video data increases, the existing digital video surveillance systems provide the infrastructure only to capture, store and distribute video, while leaving the task of threat detection exclusively to human operators. The objective of this research project was to study and develop an evaluation framework for commercial video analytics systems. A state-of-the-art research literature survey was conducted. Identified strengths, weaknesses, future directions of research and state-of-the-art commercial video analytics products were surveyed. Product capabilities were identified by working together with vendors and analyzing the available literature offered by the providers. Use of analytic technology in transit agencies in Florida was analyzed. A technology survey among the largest agencies in the state indicates very low use of video analytics, significant skepticism, and poor general knowledge of the technology and its capabilities. Based on existing general evaluation frameworks, an evaluation framework for video analytics technology was developed, including annotation guidelines, scoring metrics, and implementation of the scoring metrics in the scoring software. Details: Tampa, FL: National Center for Transit Research, Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida, 2009. 76p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 16, 2010 at: http://www.nctr.usf.edu/pdf/77807.pdf Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: http://www.nctr.usf.edu/pdf/77807.pdf Shelf Number: 119820 Keywords: Crime PreventionTerrorismTransit CrimeTransit SafetyTransit SecurityVideo Surveillance |
Author: PriceWaterhouseCoopers Title: TransLink: Fare Evasion Internal Audit Summary: At the Greater Vancouver Transportation Authority (TransLink) a fare evasion strategy is in place to minimize the magnitude of fare low. The fare evasion strategy includes fare checking and enforcement processes. This report presents an internal audit of TransLink's bus, SeaBus, SkyTrain, and West Coast Express transit systems and provides an estimate of the amount of fare evasion taking place on these systems. Details: Burnaby, BC: TransLink, 2007. 23p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 9, 2010 at: http://www.translink.ca/~/media/documents/about%20translink/media/2008/jul23/fareevasionpwcsept07.ashx Year: 2007 Country: Canada URL: http://www.translink.ca/~/media/documents/about%20translink/media/2008/jul23/fareevasionpwcsept07.ashx Shelf Number: 119902 Keywords: Fare EvasionTransit CrimeTransportation |
Author: Armstrong, Nicholas J. Title: Securing America's Passenger Rails: Analyzing Current Challenges and Future Solutions Summary: Homeland security research and recent transnational terrorist trends lend credibility to the prediction that the next major terrorist attack on the U.S. homeland could be on a mass transit transportation system. Mass transit systems remain an easy target even for the terrorists with modest levels of reconnaissance and surveillance training. London, Madrid, Mumbai, Tokyo and other cities have experienced terrorist attacks on their public transportation systems. For the United States, it is only a matter of time. Mass transit security requires a different approach than airport security. Unlike airports, mass transit systems are open with flexible schedules and multiple points of entry for a much larger number of daily passengers (3.8 billion passenger trips in 20071). Consequently, mass transit security often comes at the expense of operational efficiency. For example, implementing single-entry choke points for 100 percent passenger screening at Grand Central Station during rush hour – as employed by airports – would cause crippling operational delays. Furthermore, mass transit authorities receive a sub-optimal allocation of homeland security funding with respect to risk, leaving vulnerable systems open to an attack. The purpose of this report is to provide an analysis of domestic and international mass transit screening strategies, current and future screening technologies, and governmental challenges to and cost-benefits of enhancing rail security while maintaining as open a system as possible. In addition to discussing these critical topics and providing recommendations in the following section, this report highlights the following themes: • A layered, system-of-systems approach to screening is most effective in a mass transit environment. The principal challenge of quick and efficient screening is in screening carry-on baggage, not passengers. • Current technologies such as biometrics and intelligent video offer the ability to enhance current security systems in the short-term, while the advent of new technologies like Portable Explosive Detection Devices and Passive Millimeter Wave Screening will provide additional layers of security as they become more cost-effective and efficient over time. • Federal grant funding for rail security has increased substantially, particularly in the FY 2008 Transit Security Grant Program; however, allocation of those funds are somewhat less than proportional to the risk among the recipient agencies. • Coordination is both the problem and solution to effective rail security implementation. Local, regional, and state governments are the implementing authorities for rail security projects; it is the responsibility of the federal government to foster coordination through incentives, best practices, and supportive policies. • A centralized clearinghouse for transit security research and best practices does not exist and U.S. government representation within international clearinghouses is weak. Details: Syracuse, NY: Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, 2008. 62p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 15, 2011 at: http://insct.syr.edu/uploadedFiles/insct/uploadedfiles/PDFs/Workshop%20Project%202008.pdf Year: 2008 Country: United States URL: http://insct.syr.edu/uploadedFiles/insct/uploadedfiles/PDFs/Workshop%20Project%202008.pdf Shelf Number: 119338 Keywords: Mass Transit (U.S.)Passenger SecurityTerrorismTrainsTransit CrimeTransit Safety |
Author: Scott, Kevin Title: A Study Of Anti-Social Behaviour on Dublin Bus Routes Summary: The area under investigation was the phenomenon of criminological behaviour occurring on Dublin Bus Routes. Research questions were based around: 1) what anti-social behaviour is occurring on buses, 2) when is this behaviour occurring, 3) who is perpetrating this behaviour and 4) how is anti-social behaviour on buses being tackled? Two problematic bus routes and one control route were selected based on geographic spread and the comparative ratio of criminal incidents involved (the 78A, 77 and the control case: 46A). A statistical analysis of existing information from Dublin Bus surrounding anti-social behaviour on these routes was conducted. The researcher then performed equivalent systematic observation over a period of three weeks on the proposed routes. This data was supplemented with four semi-structured interviews obtained from members of the Dublin Bus Zero-Tolerance Unit. The data garnered from the observation and the interviews was then cross-examined against the statistical analysis of existing data to see how comparable it was. The results showed a bias in the reporting of more serious crime with a lot of minor incidents never being recorded. The findings were used to inform academic recommendations for future research with regard to the nature of anti-social behaviour on buses and how it is policed. Practical solutions to effective management strategies in dealing with crime were also suggested. Details: Dublin: Dublin Institute of Technology, 2008. 75p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed September 5, 2012 at: http://arrow.dit.ie/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=aaschssldis&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Furl%3Fsa%3Dt%26rct%3Dj%26q%3D%2522a%2520study%2520of%2520anti-social%2520behaviour%2520on%2520the%2520dublin%2520bus%2520routes%2522%26source%3Dweb%26cd%3D2%26ved%3D0CCkQFjAB%26url%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Farrow.dit.ie%252Fcgi%252Fviewcontent.cgi%253Farticle%253D1005%2526context%253Daaschssldis%26ei%3D44VHUOTZEYjZ0QGY8YCACQ%26usg%3DAFQjCNFgQcwg4vFVTSiVdF-i68fgJJGNDQ#search=%22study%20anti-social%20behaviour%20dublin%20bus%20routes%22 Year: 2008 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://arrow.dit.ie/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=aaschssldis&sei-redir=1&referer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Furl%3Fsa%3Dt%26rct%3Dj%26q%3D%2522a%2520study%2520of%2520anti-social%2520behaviour%2520on%2520the%2520 Shelf Number: 126261 Keywords: Anti-Social Behavior (U.K.)BusesTransit CrimeTransportation |
Author: Batley, Richard Title: Evaluating Measures to Improve Personal Security and the Value of their Benefits Summary: Recent national passenger surveys have shown that satisfaction associated with personal security on the railways in Great Britain has been consistently lower than the overall satisfaction level of rail passengers. To address these concerns, and to improve personal security on the railways, the industry has implemented various security measures and schemes. However, in the absence of a value or a set of values to robustly quantify such measures, making a case for investment becomes very difficult. The Rail Personal Security Group asked RSSB to address this knowledge gap. To this end, the project has evaluated the Secure Station and Park Mark schemes implemented by the industry to improve personal security. The aims of the research, which have been fulfilled, were to establish whether the schemes are fulfilling their objectives and to estimate the value of the benefits accrued from their introduction. The project has quantified the schemes’ benefits through increased patronage and crime reduction, as well as identifying wider social and economic benefits. Additionally, the research has delivered a well developed and informed framework to assess the societal and economic benefits of investing in personal security, as well as recommendations on the effectiveness of the schemes. The knowledge gained through this work may be used in the Passenger Demand Forecasting Handbook, the New Approach to Appraisal guidelines; and individual train operator and Network Rail business case frameworks. The outputs will help make better investment and deployment decisions associated with personal security on the railways. Details: London: Rail Safety and Standards Board, 2012. 288p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 22, 2013 at: http://www.rssb.co.uk/sitecollectiondocuments/pdf/reports/research/T954-rpt-final.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.rssb.co.uk/sitecollectiondocuments/pdf/reports/research/T954-rpt-final.pdf Shelf Number: 129675 Keywords: Railroad SafetyTransit CrimeTransit Safety (U.K.) |
Author: Burgess, Melissa Title: Crime on the NSW Rail System Summary: Aim: To provide an overview of the incidence of offences against the person on the NSW rail system. Method: Analysis of data from the NSW Police Force’s Computerised Operational Policing System (COPS). Results: Recorded rates of personal crime on the NSW rail system are generally very low. On a typical weekday across NSW the rate of personal crimes on trains is 0.3 incidents per 100,000 passenger journeys. Similarly, the rate of personal crimes on railway stations is 0.04 per 100,000 passenger interchanges. Not all stations carry the same risk. On stations where personal offences had occurred, the risk varied from 0.02 per 100,000 interchanges at North Sydney station to 3.2 per 100,000 interchanges at Waratah station. Non-domestic assault is the most commonly recorded personal offence (49.5% of incidents), followed by steal from person (30.2% of incidents), robbery (12.2% of incidents), other sexual offences (7.5% of incidents) and sexual assault (0.6% of incidents). The overall risk of victimisation on weekdays is highest during the afternoon commuter period (3:00pm to 6:30pm) and lowest during the early morning travel period (2:00am to 6:00am). Risk of victimisation on weekends is highest in evening (6:30pm to 2:00am) and early morning (2:00am to 6:00am) periods. Conclusion: Crime on the rail system is not evenly distributed across time and space. It is hoped that the current findings are a useful source of information for public transport users and for policy makers who are tasked with making decisions about crime control on the NSW rail system. Details: Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2011. 13p. Source: Internet Resource: Issue Paper no. 64: Accessed March 10, 2014 at: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/agdbasev7wr/bocsar/documents/pdf/bb64.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Australia URL: http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/agdbasev7wr/bocsar/documents/pdf/bb64.pdf Shelf Number: 131846 Keywords: RailroadsTrainsTransit CrimeTransit Safety |
Author: Jenkins, Brian Michael Title: The 1995 Attempted Derailing of the French TGV (High-Speed Train) and a Quantitative Analysis of 181 Rail Sabotage Attempts Summary: On August 26, 1995, the Saturday of the final and busiest weekend of France's summer holiday season, terrorists attempted to derail the TGV (Train a Grande Vitesse) between Lyon and Paris by planting a bomb. Fortunately, their crude triggering mechanism failed to detonate the bomb, and subsequent analysis indicates that even had the bomb gone off, the explosion would not have derailed the train. The TGV episode, one of a continuing series of case studies by the Mineta Transportation Institute, points to a continuing problem: Since 1995, terrorists have attempted to derail trains on at least 144 occasions. Because of the expansion of high-speed rail systems in Europe, Asia, and North America, where 15 high-speed rail projects are in preparation or under way in the United States alone, this case study has been expanded to include a chronology and statistical analysis of attempted derailments worldwide. This analysis examines the geographic distribution of the attempts, the methods used by the saboteurs, and the outcomes. Although based on a small universe of events, it underscores both the attractiveness to terrorists of attacking transportation systems-a successful attack can result in high body counts, significant disruption, dramatic images, and enormous publicity, all things sought by terrorists-and the difficulties of achieving success. Details: San Jose, CA: Mineta Transportation Institute, College of Business, San Jose State University, 2010. 66p. Source: Internet Resource: MTI Report 09-12: Accessed March 28, 2014 at: http://transweb.sjsu.edu/MTIportal/research/publications/documents/TGV_book%20(with%20covers).pdf Year: 2010 Country: International URL: http://transweb.sjsu.edu/MTIportal/research/publications/documents/TGV_book%20(with%20covers).pdf Shelf Number: 132014 Keywords: BombingsRailroadsTerrorismTrainsTransit CrimeTransportation Security |
Author: Donald, Jennifer S. Title: The Use of Social Media Networks and Mobile Phone Applications for Reporting Suspicious and Criminal Activities on Mass Transit Summary: The threat of terrorism remains in the forefront daily, and public transportation systems remain a preferred target for terrorist attacks. Mass transit customers have long served as the "eyes and ears" of the public transportation environment. In support of the Department of Homeland Security's See It Say It campaign, mass transit customers contribute to this effort by reporting suspicious and criminal activities on subways and buses. The use of social media networks and mobile phone applications by mass transit law enforcement is slowly evolving as a tool for reporting suspicious and criminal activities on subways and buses. By reviewing the data and current use of social media networks and smartphone applications such as by mass transit law enforcement agencies, this thesis demonstrates that citizens want to play a role in assisting law enforcement in solving crimes. Mass transit law enforcement agencies can leverage community involvement and reduce crime by providing customers with an anonymous means for reporting suspicious and criminal activities. However, whether the use of social media networks and smartphone applications have resulted in an increase in reporting suspicious and criminal activities and a reduction in crime is unresolved, warranting future study in this area. Details: Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. 117p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed March 28, 2014 at: http://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=750162 Year: 2013 Country: International URL: http://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=750162 Shelf Number: 132018 Keywords: Public TransportationSocial Media NetworksTerrorism Transit CrimeTransit Safety |
Author: Gallison, Jordana Kimberly Title: The Skytrain as a Exporter of Crime? Exploring the Spatial Distribution of Crime on the Canada Line Summary: The Canada Line is the most recent expansion of Metro Vancouver's SkyTrain system. The implementation of the new mass transit route aroused many concerns and fears that the expansion of the SkyTrain would facilitate a greater number of crimes occurring to the stations and cities that host the new line. The following study was conducted to determine whether such fears of transit expansion and crime growth could be validated. This study offers a preliminary evaluation of the impact upon crime at seven stations of the Canada Line. Time series techniques were used to analyze crime data from the Richmond detachment of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) from January 2006 to August 2011. Results of the study are considered in relation to a number of various factors influencing both the type and geographical location of the region. The study illustrates the importance for planners of considering the relationship between crime, land use and transit systems. Details: Burnaby, BC: Simon Fraser University, 2012. 71p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed April 21, 2014 at: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/12286 Year: 2012 Country: Canada URL: http://summit.sfu.ca/item/12286 Shelf Number: 132091 Keywords: Mass TransitTransit CrimeTransit Safety |
Author: U.S. Government Accountability Office Title: Cruise Vessels: Most Required Security and Safety Measures have Been Implemented, but Concerns Remain About Crime Reporting Summary: In 2011, almost 11 million passengers took a cruise from a U.S. port. Media reports about passenger personal safety while aboard cruise vessels-including those related to the January 2012 grounding of the cruise vessel Costa Concordia off the coast of Italy, which resulted in 32 deaths-combined with the increasing number of passengers taking cruises has raised questions about passenger safety and security. With the enactment of the CVSSA in 2010, cruise vessels that visit U.S. ports were required to meet certain security and safety requirements, such as having rail heights of at least 42 inches and reporting allegations of certain crimes to the FBI. GAO was asked to review cruise vessel safety as well as security issues-related to keeping passengers safe from crime. GAO reviewed (1) the extent to which the cruise vessel industry and federal agencies have implemented the CVSSA, and (2) any actions taken following the Costa Concordia accident to enhance the safety of cruise vessels visiting U.S. ports. GAO reviewed the CVSSA and related agency and industry documents, and interviewed officials from the Coast Guard, FBI, CLIA, five cruise lines which accounted for over 80 percent of North American cruise vessel passengers in 2012, and two crime victim advocacy groups. The cruise lines were selected based on several factors including their volume of North American passengers. Crime victim advocacy groups were selected based on their knowledge about cruise ship crime issues. GAO is not making any recommendations in this report. Details: Washington, DC: GAO, 2013. 54p. Source: Internet Resource: GAO-14-43: Accessed April 24, 2014 at: http://www.gao.gov/assets/660/659897.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://www.gao.gov/assets/660/659897.pdf Shelf Number: 132158 Keywords: Crime StatisticsCruise VesselsTouristsTransit CrimeTransportation Security |
Author: Nakanishi, Yuko, Consultant Title: Practices to Protect Bus Operators from Passenger Assault Summary: This synthesis report addresses the important issue of protecting bus operators from passenger assault. The key elements of the synthesis study included a survey of transit agencies with a 75% (66/88) response rate, profiles of security practices, and a literature summary. Although serious crime in transit systems is relatively rare and constitutes a small percentage of overall crime, even one serious incident of violence can make media headlines and diminish the perception of security, especially if the crime is against the transit operator. Assaults on operators have caused worker absence, productivity issues, and increased levels of stress for the victim and for coworkers. Minor incidents can be precursors to more serious violence against operators. Therefore, it is important that transit agencies address the issue of operator assaults before they become problematic. "Assault" of a bus operator is defined broadly in this synthesis and includes acts of aggression that may or may not cause physical injury to the operator. Assault is defined as: Overt physical and verbal acts by a passenger that interfere with the mission of a bus operator-to complete his or her scheduled run safely-and that adversely affect the safety of the operator and customers. Bus operator protection measures ranging from policing, personnel, and training to technology, information management, policy, and legislation were identified and explored in this synthesis study. Transit agencies face different challenges and problems, along with different sets of institutional, legal, and budgetary constraints; these issues typically are considered when agencies select and implement security measures. Some measures are more appropriate for preventing certain types of attacks. For instance, conflict mitigation training is appropriate for reducing assaults emanating from disputes, whereas barriers may be more useful in protecting the operator against spontaneous attacks. Some measures, such as emergency communications and vehicle location technologies, focus on improving incident response. Video surveillance is useful for deterrence as well as for identification and prosecution of assailants. Audio surveillance is especially useful in addressing verbal attacks and threats. Agencies have helped to enact legislation on enhanced penalties for operator assault and have established agency policies such as suspending service for violating transit agency rules. The characteristics of assailants also influence the protection method. If most are teenagers, a school outreach program may mitigate assaults. If gang-related assaults are increasing, close cooperation with local law enforcement could be key. The synthesis survey requested respondents to describe their bus system and security characteristics; their policies on fare and rules enforcement; characteristics of bus operator assaults; and their assault prevention and mitigation practices, including training, hiring, use of officers and patrols, technology, and self-defense tools and training. The survey was distributed to 88 multimodal and bus-only transit agencies representing large, medium, and small U.S. agencies; the survey was also sent to several Canadian agencies and to one Chinese bus rapid transit system. Survey respondents represented large, medium, and small agencies and were geographically diverse. In general, the primary security provider for the respondents was local, county, or state or provincial police; more than a third used a combination of security providers. Respondents that indicated having transit police departments were generally large or midsize agencies. Practically all agencies have a standard operating procedure in place for response to bus operator assaults. About half of the survey respondents stated that their local laws provided more severe punishments for assaults against bus operators than for some other assaults. Details: Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, 2011. 136p. Source: Internet Resource: TCRP Synthesis 93: Accessed July 14, 2014 at: http://www.tcrponline.org/PDFDocuments/tsyn93.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://www.tcrponline.org/PDFDocuments/tsyn93.pdf Shelf Number: 132668 Keywords: AssaultsBusesCrime PreventionTransit CrimeTransit SecurityTransportation SecurityWorkplace CrimeWorkplace Violence |
Author: Schulz, Dorothy Moses Title: Video Surveillance Uses by Rail Transit Agencies Summary: Previous TCRP reports, notably Electronic Surveillance Technologies on Transit Vehicles (Maier and Malone 2001) and Transit Security Update (Nakanishi 2009), have studied overall security and the use of electronic video surveillance technology in the transit environment. Improving Transit Security (Needle and Cobb 1997) and Guidelines for the Effective Use of Uniformed Transit Police and Security Personnel (Interactive Elements Inc. 1997) considered how transit agencies were using video surveillance as part of their overall security strategies, primarily in conjunction with uniformed patrol by police or security officers. Most of the examples and case studies in earlier reports combined discussions of the use of electronic video surveillance cameras in bus and rail systems and few considered nonsecurity uses of such technology. This synthesis differs from the earlier ones in several ways. It is the first synthesis to document the current use of electronic video surveillance technology solely by passenger rail agencies and to consider the totality of its use, including onboard railcars and along the right-of-way (ROW). The synthesis also describes current administrative policies on monitoring video images either in real time or for post-event analysis; policies on archiving and storing images and access to them by employees, other public agencies (primarily police), and the general public; and funding sources for installing new or upgrading existing video surveillance systems. Results of a survey emailed to passenger rail agencies throughout the United States are used to document important issues, including the following: - The percentage of stations, station platforms, or shelters where surveillance is employed and how decisions are made on which locations to cover. - The percentage of railcars in which onboard surveillance is employed and how decisions are made on which vehicles to cover. - Whether video surveillance is employed along the ROW and, if so, where. - The type of video surveillance systems in use and any special features they may utilize. - Policies pertaining to monitoring, recording, and archiving images, including chain of custody policies. - Purposes other than for crime/vandalism prevention for which surveillance is employed and its perceived effectiveness for those applications. - Whether patrons or employees have been surveyed regarding their perceptions of security and, if so, what those perceptions are. - Funding sources for installing and/or upgrading electronic video surveillance systems. - Existing plans for installing video surveillance systems in new vehicles or stations. Forty-three completed surveys were received from the 58 passenger rail agencies to which questionnaires were sent, a response rate of 73%. Five agencies were selected as case study sites because they reflected a variety of modes, had different security configurations (transit police or reliance on local agencies), and were upgrading their systems to include technologies that other agencies are likely to be considering. These agencies provided opportunities to share information in a lessons-learned format. Agencies that did not employ surveillance technology were encouraged to complete the survey by answering two brief questions: (1) whether the agency was considering installing a surveillance system and, if so, where, or (2) whether the agency was not considering installing a surveillance system and, if so, why not. All the responding agencies employed video surveillance in some capacity. Although the authors cannot speak for agencies that did not respond, it is reasonable to say that all passenger rail transit agencies make at least some use of electronic video surveillance on their property. Details: Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, 2011. 91p. Source: Internet Resource: TCRP Synthesis 90: Accessed July 16, 2014 at: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_syn_90.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_syn_90.pdf Shelf Number: 132681 Keywords: Crime PreventionTrainsTransit CrimeTransit SafetyTransportation SecurityVideo Surveillance |
Author: Currie, Graham Title: Perceptions and Realities of Personal Safety on Public Transport for Young People in Melbourne Summary: This paper aims to explore how perceptions of safety relate to actual experience in the context of urban public transport. It presents the results of an empirical analysis of links between perceptions of personal safety on public transport and compares these with actual experience of travellers. The focus of the work is a survey of young people using public transport in Melbourne Australia. The research literature demonstrates contrasting views with regard to perceptions of personal safety and actual risks. Positive links have been found in some contexts while others have found fears to be unrelated to risk. Some crime surveys and empirical studies suggest perceptions of personal safety are not justified by crime rates. However a series of surveys have shown that those with direct experience of safety incidents have greater concerns with safety. Other research suggests that feelings of anxiety and psychological factors act to make some people feel uncomfortable on public transport and that this acts to increase perceptions of poor personal safety. The paper aims to explore which factors are more important in explaining perceptions of safety. The analysis has identified a series of three statistically significant models which predict personal feelings of safety on public transport using different measures of safety perceptions. In each model psychological influences i.e. "feeling comfortable with people you don't know" had the biggest individual influence on perceptions of safety with a medium effect size. Gender and the actual experience of a personal safety incident were also found to influence perceptions of personal safety but these variables only had a small effect on perceptions of safety. The paper discusses policy and research implications of the findings including suggestions for future research. Details: Melbourne: Institute of Transport Studies, Monash University, 2010. 14p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 20, 2015 at: http://www.atrf.info/papers/2010/2010_currie_delbosc_mahmoud.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Australia URL: http://www.atrf.info/papers/2010/2010_currie_delbosc_mahmoud.pdf Shelf Number: 135304 Keywords: Public TransportTransit Crime Transportation Safety |
Author: Uittenbogaard, Adriaan Cornelis Title: Clusters of Urban Crime and Safety in Transport Nodes Summary: The objective of the thesis is to provide a better understanding of the safety conditions in urban environments, particularly related to those found in transport nodes, in this case, underground stations, and surrounding areas1. First, the study starts with an analysis of the overall city, identifying concentrations of crime in the urban fabric and then focusing on the criminogenic conditions at and around underground stations. The analysis combines the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS), statistical techniques and data of different types and sources. Regression models were used to assess the importance of the environmental attributes of underground stations on crime rates. Findings show that violent and property crimes show different hotspots at different times. Crime patterns tend to follow people�s scheduled patterns of routine activity. The socio-economic composition of the surrounding environment of the stations has a significant impact on crime at these transport nodes, but more important were attributes of the physical and social environment at the stations. For instance, low guardianship and poor visibility at the stations together with mixed land-uses in the surrounding areas induced crime rates at the stations. It is therefore suggested that intervention to improve safety conditions at the stations should focus on a holistic approach, taking into account the station and surrounding areas, but also being aware of crime variation on specific places at specific times. Details: Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and the Build Environment, Department of Real Estate and Construction Management 2013. 36p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed May 1, 2015 at: http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:603657/FULLTEXT02 Year: 2013 Country: Sweden URL: http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:603657/FULLTEXT02 Shelf Number: 135455 Keywords: Crime Analysis Crime Hotspots Geographical Information Systems (GIS) High Crime Areas Transit Crime Transportation Urban Areas and Crime (Sweden) |
Author: Plant, Jeremy F. Title: Securing and Protecting America's Railroad System: U.S. Railroad and Opportunities for Terrorist Threats Summary: On any given day, thousands of trains move across the American landscape. Each one of them presents a potential threat to the safety of individuals and families, to the continued functioning of our communities and our economy, and to the life of our great cities. Whether carrying millions of workers to and from their jobs, or providing the safest means of transporting hazardous materials, or bringing food and agricultural necessities to consumers, railroads pose an inviting target to would-be terrorists. Yet no significant act of terrorism has been directed against U. S. railroads, and we lack hard information on the nature of the terrorist risks involved in rail transport. This report highlights the potential threats, examines the response of government and the rail industry to the post-9/11 security responsibilities, and suggests ways in which public policy and rail operations can be better directed to meet the challenges of security in an age of terrorist activity. Efforts to secure the nation's rail system have been undertaken by federal, state, and local government agencies and by private rail operators. These activities differ fundamentally between the passenger and freight modes. Driven by events such as the Madrid and London rail attacks, and by the assumption that since the 9/11/01 events all passenger modes of travel in the U.S. constitute potential terrorist targets, passenger rail security has been largely entrusted to the public sector, albeit with less attention and fewer resources granted for passenger rail security than for aviation. Freight rail security has also been driven by events but has been guided by the private sector rail industry. Resources currently directed to rail security are inadequate, given the potential for catastrophic loss of life or economic disruption from attacks on the rail system. The growing use of rail systems for work-related passenger travel and the critical role played by freight railroads in U.S. and global commerce makes insuring their security a matter of urgent public concern. While the efforts to secure the system led by the Department of Homeland Security represent a good start in tackling the issues, legislation specifically dealing with rail security is needed to identify the threats, clarify the roles of the various public and private actors, and establish a level of funding commensurate with the importance of the rail system and the potential loss of life and economic damage that might result from terrorist attacks. In addition to prevention, the rail system plays or can play an important role in mitigation and recovery efforts after man-made or natural disasters. Details: Harrisburg, PA: Pennsylvania State University Harrisburg, 2007. 82p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 15, 2015 at: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.476.9059&rep=rep1&type=pdf Year: 2007 Country: United States URL: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.476.9059&rep=rep1&type=pdf Shelf Number: 136985 Keywords: Homeland SecurityRailroadsTerrorismTransit CrimeTransit SafetyTransportation Security |
Author: Victoria (Australia). Auditor General Title: Public Safety on Victoria's Train System Summary: Public transport services, and in particular trains, play a significant role in the community. Passengers should feel safe as they use these services regardless of the time of day or night. The protective services officers (PSO) program was established to reduce crime and improve perceptions of safety on Melbourne's train system. Perceptions of the safety of the metropolitan train system at night have improved since the start of the PSO program, but the extent to which this can be attributed to the presence of PSOs is unknown. It is also not possible to assess whether PSOs have had any impact on crime on the metropolitan train system. Advice provided to government to support decisions on the establishment and deployment of the PSO program was comprehensive, however, performance monitoring has been limited. Victoria Police does not have an effective performance monitoring regime in place to support ongoing development or future advice on the program's efficiency or effectiveness. Additionally, there is an opportunity to drive greater awareness of the presence of PSOs, further improving perceptions of safety and increasing patronage. Details: Melbourne: Victorian Government Printer, 2016. 62p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 25, 2016 at: http://www.audit.vic.gov.au/publications/20160224-Public-Safety/20160224-Public-Safety.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Australia URL: http://www.audit.vic.gov.au/publications/20160224-Public-Safety/20160224-Public-Safety.pdf Shelf Number: 137972 Keywords: Public TransportTrainsTransit CrimeTransit SafetyTransportation Security |
Author: Stanley, Janet Title: Prevention of Aggression to Bus Drivers Summary: 4 l Prevention of Aggression to Bus Drivers 4 1 Background 1.1 The issue There has been little research about understanding aggressive behaviour associated with the bus industry in Australia, or indeed, internationally. This i s an oversight if aggression to drivers is present, as research on the impact of aggressive behaviour in general shows that there may be a significant and long lasting impact on the victim. Additionally, the limited work that has been done on aggression i n the workplace reveal s that an adverse impact can extend beyond the individual victim , to the ir family, work colleagues and the operation of the workplace . This report considers how to prevent aggression to bus drivers who work in Victoria, Australia. I t draws on the findings from a recent survey on the mental he alth of bus drivers in Victoria (Mental Health at Work 2015). This report also uses information on aggression to bus drivers from the academic literature and other sources , as well as relevant in formation from research associated with aggression in other workplace settings. Ideally, recommendations about prevention tactics should be based on detailed knowledge about : the frequency and form of aggression, the perpetrator, the location, the contex t and circumstances, the responses to the incident, and the current preventative measures in place and their effectiveness. However, t his topic is very new to the bus industry. Thus, this report can only be seen as an initial exploratory approach, on which future know edge can be built as preventative approaches are better understood and better targeted The following issues are examined in this report: What are the reasons for violence to bus drivers in Victoria? This would i nclude both the reasons why the assailant experiences poor control of anger (such as due to reasons of mental illness or substance abuse) and the specific circumstances that trigger the incidence of violence to the driver (why the particular driver was tar geted, at the specific location and time). It would also include, where possible, understanding of how the driver responds to the event given conditions such as personal abilities, knowledge about responding to violence, workplace and wider government poli cy and driver instructions. It includes the response taken by the driver once the immediate danger has past. What prevention methods are suggested from these findings and knowledge gained elsewhere that may lead to a reduction of of the occurrence of aggressi on and in the severity of the event? Details: Victoria, AUS: Bus Association Victoria, 2016. 50p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 13, 2016 at: http://www.busvic.asn.au/images/uploads/links/Prevention_of_Aggression_to_Bus_Drivers.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Australia URL: http://www.busvic.asn.au/images/uploads/links/Prevention_of_Aggression_to_Bus_Drivers.pdf Shelf Number: 139627 Keywords: Aggressive BehaviorPassengersTransit CrimeTransit Security |
Author: Olarte Bacares, Carlos Augusto Title: Impact of urban public transport enhancements on crime rate: a diff-diff analysis for the case of Transmilenio Summary: One of the biggest questions of agglomerations today focuses on the problem of the public transport supply. To deal with this, Bogota has developed a new urban transport system that has had worldwide recognition since 2000: Transmilenio. While most studies have focused on studying the impact of this new public transport system with respect to the environment, hedonic prices, employment and urbanism, among others, none (except one) have studied the question of the evolution of crime linked to the existence of Transmilenio. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the evolution of urban transport, which is traduced on the construction and on the improvements of Transmilenio, has had a direct impact on the crime rates in the city. By collecting a set of spatially referenced data regarding crimes in 112 of the 117 planning zones that make up the city, this research follows a differences-in-differences methodology to test the causality of the transport system in the evolution of crime rates in each zone for different periods. After a deep descriptive analysis of data and the implementation of the econometric methodology suggested, results indicate that enhancement of the public transport system has had no clear impact on crime rates in all zones of the city. Depending on the zones and on the Transmilenio line in question, the transport system may increase or decrease the number of crimes on each zone beneficiaries or not from the improvement of the system. However, this research gives a non-negligible number of hints to take in consideration on further studies. Details: Paris: University of Paris, Centre for Economics, 2013. 23p. Source: Internet Resorure: MPRA Paper No. 53967: Accessed December 8, 2016 at: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/53967/1/MPRA_paper_53967.pdf Year: 2013 Country: France URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/53967/1/MPRA_paper_53967.pdf Shelf Number: 140353 Keywords: Transit CrimeTransit SafetyTransportation and CrimeUrban Areas and CrimeUrban Crime |
Author: Litman, Todd Title: Safer Than You Think! Revising the transit safety narrative Summary: Public transportation is overall safe (low crash risk) and secure (low crime risk). Transit travel has about a tenth the traffic casualty (death or injury) rates as automobile travel, and residents of transit-oriented communities have about a fifth the per capita traffic fatality rate as do residents of automobile-oriented communities. Transit also tends to have lower crime rates than automobile travel, large cities with high transit ridership tend to have lower crime rates than more automobile-oriented cities, and transit service improvements can further increase security by increasing surveillance and improving impoverished people’s economic opportunities. Despite its overall safety and security, many people consider transit dangerous and so are reluctant to use it or support transit service expansions in their communities. Various factors contribute to this excessive fear, including the nature of public transit travel, heavy media coverage of transit-related crashes and crimes, and conventional traffic safety messages which emphasize risks rather than safety. Public officials and transit agencies can help create a new transit safety narrative by developing better risk evaluation tools, better communicating public transit’s overall safety and health benefits, and providing better guidance concerning how transit users and communities can enhance safety and security. Details: Victoria, Canada: Victoria Transport Policy Institute, 2013. 54p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 22, 2017 at: http://www.vtpi.org/safer.pdf Year: 2013 Country: International URL: http://www.vtpi.org/safer.pdf Shelf Number: 147426 Keywords: Mass TransitPublic TransportationTransit CrimeTransit SecurityUrban Crime |
Author: Volinski, Joel M. Title: Addressing Difficult Customer Situations: A Synthesis of Transit Practice Summary: Addressing Difficult Customer Situations explores issues surrounding difficult customers or passengers and the variety of circumstances that can arise when they utilize transit system facilities or vehicles. The report identifies current practices used by transit agencies to prevent, prepare for, and deal with these incidents. Details: Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, 2017. 80p. Source: Internet Resource: TCRP Synthesis 127: Accessed March 2, 2017 at: https://www.nap.edu/download/24701 Year: 2017 Country: United States URL: https://www.nap.edu/download/24701 Shelf Number: 141296 Keywords: PassengersPublic TransportationTransit CrimeTransportation SafetyTransportation Security |
Author: Molefe, Innocentia Nthabeleng Title: The Policing of taxi violence in Stanger area Summary: This research was aimed at exploring how taxi violence could be policed effectively within Stanger area. To achieve the objectives of this study the researcher interrogated the strategies that the police use in dealing with taxi violence as well as the impact and the challenges that are faced by police officials regarding this phenomenon. The researcher adopted a qualitative research approach in order to increase her understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and beliefs related to taxi violence within Stanger area. The non-probability purposive sample method was used to select the research participants and the focus was on the research participants' experience and knowledge of the subject matter. The researcher also used semi-structured interviews in order to resolve specific questions. The findings were that most of the taxi violence remained unresolved within Stanger area because witnesses were afraid to come forward with information regardless of the anonymous hotline that was created to encourage the reporting of this violence. Consequently, because of a shortage of manpower, resources, uncooperative witnesses and knowledge of matters concerning taxi permits the police and other law enforcement agencies in the area are mainly reactive in attending to taxi violence crimes. The lack of proactivity hampers the success of the initiatives that they (police) put in place to address taxi violence in Stanger. Details: Pretoria: University of South Africa, 2016. 137p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed June 28, 2017 at: http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/22198/dissertation_molefe_in.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Year: 2016 Country: South Africa URL: http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/22198/dissertation_molefe_in.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Shelf Number: 146439 Keywords: Taxi ViolenceTransit CrimeTransportation Crime |
Author: Smith, Gwen Chisholm Title: Legal Implications of Video Surveillance on Transit Systems Summary: TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Legal Research Digest 52: Legal Implications of Video Surveillance on Transit Systems explores the use of video surveilance systems on buses, trains, and stations. The widespread use of such video surveillance systems has generated numerous legal issues, such as a system's ability to utilize video to discipline union and non-union employees, safety issues associated with such use, public access to such video, and retention policies regarding video, among others. This digest explores federal and state laws to address these issues, along with the current practices employed by transit agencies to comply with those laws. Details: Washington, DC: Transit Cooperative Research Program, 2018. 46p. Source: Internet Resource: Legal Research Digest 52: Accessed June 30, 2018 at: https://www.nap.edu/download/25055 Year: 2018 Country: United States URL: https://www.nap.edu/download/25055 Shelf Number: 1500747 Keywords: PrivacyTransit CrimeTransit SystemsTransportationTransportation Safety Transportation SecurityVideo Surveillance |